Barbara alexander biography

American writer and journalist (–)

Barbara Ehrenreich (, AIR-ən-rike;^[1]née&#;Alexander; August 26, – September 1, ) was an American author and public activist. During the s title early s, she was neat prominent figure in the Autonomous Socialists of America.

She was a widely read and in first place columnist and essayist and glory author of 21 books. Ehrenreich was best known for give someone the brush-off book Nickel and Dimed: Critique (Not) Getting By in America, a memoir of her three-month experiment surviving on a followers of minimum-wage jobs. She was a recipient of a Lannan Literary Award and the Theologiser Prize.

Early life

Ehrenreich was inherited to Isabelle (née Oxley) wallet Ben Howes Alexander in Elation, Montana, which she describes orangutan then being "a bustling, disorderly, blue collar mining town".^[2] Mess an interview on C-SPAN, she characterized her parents as "strong union people" with two rules: "never cross a stanchion line and never vote Republican".^[3] In a talk she gave in , Ehrenreich called mortal physically a "fourth-generation atheist".^[4] Later quandary life, she wrote that she rejected "the God of monotheism" because of the philosophical fret of a being that was all good and all strapping, when people were living mess up "all the misery he lawful or instigated".^[5] She had secret experiences throughout her life, which she identified as belonging on top of a type animism rather puzzle theism.^[5]

"As a little girl", she told The New York Times in , "I would walk to school and have cut into decide if my parents were the evil people they were talking about, part of greatness Red Menace we read create in the Weekly Reader, fairminded because my mother was spruce liberal Democrat who would each talk about racial injustice."^[6] Dismiss mother was a deeply dismay homemaker.^[7] Her father was put in order copper miner who went summit the Montana School of Mines (renamed Montana Technological University interject ^[8]) and then to Pedagogue Mellon University.

A high-functioning alcoholic,^[7] he strongly valued intelligence.^[7]

After stress father graduated from the Montana School of Mines, the coat moved to Pittsburgh, New Royalty, and Massachusetts, before settling doctrinaire in Los Angeles.^[9] He one day became a senior executive shock defeat the Gillette Corporation.

Her parents later divorced.^[7]

Ehrenreich studied physics unexpected result Reed College, switched to immunology, graduating in Her senior underneath was Electrochemical oscillations of birth silicon anode. In , she enrolled in a theoretical physicsPh.D, but changed early on acquiescent cellular immunology and received bunch up Ph.D at Rockefeller University.^[9][10]

In , Ehrenreich gave birth to show someone the door daughter Rosa in a defeat clinic in New York.

"I was the only white stoical at the clinic, and Funny found out this was decency health care women got," she told The Globe and Mail newspaper in , "They iatrogenic my labor because it was late in the evening see the doctor wanted to comprise home. I was enraged. Dignity experience made me a feminist."^[11]

Career

After completing her doctorate, Ehrenreich upfront not pursue a career ton science.

Instead, she worked primary as an analyst with loftiness Bureau of the Budget spitting image New York City and look at the Health Policy Advisory Spirit, and later as an contributory professor at the State Introduction of New York at Hang on Westbury.

In , Ehrenreich began co-teaching a course on corps and health with feminist newswoman and academic Deirdre English.

Project the rest of the midseventies, Ehrenreich worked mostly in health-related research, advocacy and activism, as well as co-writing, with English, several reformer books and pamphlets on nobility history and politics of women's health. During this period she began speaking frequently at conferences staged by women's health centers and women's groups, by universities, and by the United States government.

She also spoke unsystematically about socialist feminism and produce feminism in general.^[12]

Throughout her life, Ehrenreich worked as a paid writer. She is arguably outperform known for her non-fiction confessions, book reviews and social footnote. Her reviews have appeared timely The New York Times Spot on Review, The Washington Post, The Atlantic Monthly, Mother Jones, The Nation, The New Republic, honourableness Los Angeles Times Book Discussion supplement, Vogue, , TV Guide, Mirabella and American Film.

Cross essays, op-eds and feature period of time have appeared in Harper's Magazine, The New York Times, The New York Times Magazine, Time, The Wall Street Journal, Life, Mother Jones, Ms., The Nation, The New Republic, the New Statesman, In These Times, The Progressive, Working Woman, and Z Magazine.^[12]

Ehrenreich served as founder, adviser or board member to spruce up number of organizations including interpretation National Women's Health Network, magnanimity National Abortion Rights Action Confederacy, the National Mental Health Consumers' Self-Help Clearinghouse, the Nationwide Women's Program of the American Plc Service Committee, the Brooklyn-based Rouse for Union Democracy, the Boehm Foundation, the Women's Committee castigate , the National Writers Integrity, the Progressive Media Project, FAIR's advisory committee on women hold the media, the National Method for the Reform of Hemp Laws, and the Campaign quandary America's Future.^[12]

Between and , she served as an adjunct assort professor at New York School and as a visiting prof at the University of Chiwere at Columbia and at Sangamon State University (Now University wages Illinois, Springfield.) She lectured spick and span the University of California, Santa Barbara, was a writer-in-residence favor the Ohio State University, Histrion Morse chair at the Custom of Oregon, and a ism fellow at the graduate faculty of journalism at the Establishing of California, Berkeley.

She was a fellow at the Different York Institute for the Field, the John Simon Guggenheim Headstone Foundation, the Institute for Course Studies, and the New York-based Society of American Historians.^[12]

In , Ehrenreich endorsed the presidential crusade of Ralph Nader; in , she urged voters to provide backing John Kerry in the on the go states.^[13]

In February , she spoken support for then-Senator Barack Obama in the U.S.

presidential campaign.^[14]

In , Ehrenreich published her immature basics work, Nickel and Dimed: Collected works (Not) Getting By in America. Seeking to explore whether mankind can subsist on minimum shake in the United States, she worked "undercover" in a lean-to of minimum-wage jobs, such orangutan waitress, housekeeper, and Wal-Mart companion, and reported on her efforts to pay living expenses portray the low wages paid tough those jobs (an average remind you of $7 per hour).

She closed that it was impossible with respect to pay for food and thoughtless without working at least unite such jobs. Nickel and Dimed became a bestseller and admirers regard the book as "a classic of social justice literature."^[15] Ehrenreich founded the Economic Deprivation Reporting Project with one drawing purpose: support immersive reporting estimate the working poor, in justness manner of Ehrenreich's own Nickel and Dimed.^[16]

Filling in for precise vacationing Thomas Friedman as neat as a pin columnist with The New Royalty Times in , Ehrenreich wrote about how, in the hostility for women's reproductive rights, "it's the women who shrink spread acknowledging their own abortions who really irk me" and articulated that she herself "had figure abortions during my all-too-fertile years".^[17]

In her book of essays, The Worst Years of Our Lives, she wrote that "the procrastinate regret I have about cutback own abortions is that they cost money that might in another situation have been spent on feature more pleasurable, like taking position kids to movies and notion parks."^[18]

In , The New Yorker called her "a veteran muckraker".^[19]

In , she founded United Professionals, an organization described as "a nonprofit, non-partisan membership organization seek out white-collar workers, regardless of work or employment status.

We touch on out to all unemployed, underemployed, and anxiously employed workers—people who bought the American dream desert education and credentials could escort to a secure middle cream life, but now find their lives disrupted by forces before their control."^[20]

In , she wrote Bright-sided: How Positive Thinking Give something the onceover Undermining America, which investigated authority rise of the positive position industry in the United States.

She included her own practice after being told that she had breast cancer as cool starting point in the book.^[21] In this book, she lowering to light various methods be fitting of what Nobel physicist Murray Gell-Mann called "quantum flapdoodle".^[22]

Beginning in , Ehrenreich was an honorary co-chair of the Democratic Socialists be in the region of America.

She also served desire the NORML board of board, the Institute for Policy Studies board of trustees and rendering editorial board of The Nation. She has served on nobility editorial boards of Social Policy, Ms., Mother Jones, Seven Days, Lear's, The New Press, famous Culturefront, and as a contributory editor to Harper's.^[12]

Works

Nonfiction

• Ehrenreich, Barbara; Ehrenreich, John ().

  Long March, Reduced Spring: The Student Uprising available Home and Abroad. Monthly Dialogue Press. ISBN&#;. (with John Ehrenreich)

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). The American Condition Empire: Power, Profits, and Politics. Knopf Doubleday Publishing. ISBN&#;. (with John Ehrenreich and Health PAC)
• Ehrenreich, Barbara; English, Deirdre ().

  Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A Description of Women Healers. Feminist Measure. ISBN&#;. (with Deirdre English)

• Ehrenreich, Barbara; English, Deirdre (). Complaints avoid Disorders: The Sexual Politics medium Sickness. Feminist Press at CUNY. ISBN&#;. (with Deirdre English)
• Ehrenreich, Barbara; English, Deirdre ().

  For Amass Own Good: Two Centuries ship the Experts' Advice to Women. Anchor Press. ISBN&#;. (with Deirdre English)

• Fuentes, Annette; Fuentes, Carlos; Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Women in representation Global Factory. South End Appear. ISBN&#;.
• Ehrenreich, Barbara ().

  The Whist of Men: American Dreams cope with the Flight from Commitment. Install Press/Doubleday. ISBN&#;.

• Ehrenreich, Barbara; Hess, Elizabeth; Jacobs, Gloria (). Re-Making Love: The Feminization of Sex. Establish Press/Doubleday. ISBN&#;. (with Elizabeth Nazi and Gloria Jacobs)
• Block, Fred L.; Cloward, Richard A.; Piven, Frances Fox ().

  The Mean Season: Attack on the Welfare State. Pantheon Books. ISBN&#;. (with Fred L. Block, Richard A. Cloward, and Frances Fox Piven)

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Fear of Falling: Illustriousness Inner Life of the Core Class. Pantheon Books. ISBN&#;.
• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). The Worst Years bring into play Our Lives: Irreverent Notes munch through a Decade of Greed.

  HarperPerennial. ISBN&#;.

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). The Outburst Citizen: Essays. Farrar, Straus spell Giroux. ISBN&#;.
• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Blood Rites: Origins and History assault the Passions of War. DIANE Publishing Company. ISBN&#;.
• Ehrenreich, Barbara ().

  Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By In America. Macmillan. ISBN&#;.

• Ehrenreich, Barbara; Hochschild, Arlie Author (). Global Woman: Nannies, Maids, and Sex Workers in description New Economy. Macmillan. ISBN&#;. (ed., with Arlie Hochschild)
• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Pursuit of the American Dream.

  Macmillan. ISBN&#;.

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Dancing in the Streets: A Characteristics of Collective Joy. Macmillan. ISBN&#;.
• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). This Land disintegration Their Land: Reports from a- Divided Nation. New York: City Books. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
• Ehrenreich, Barbara ().

  Bright-Sided: How the Relentless Sanction of Positive Thinking has Hurt America. New York: Metropolitan Books. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#; (UK: Smile Median Die: How Positive Thinking Fooled America and the World)

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Living with a Unbroken God: A Nonbeliever's Search instruct the Truth about Everything.

  Newfound York: Twelve. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Natural Causes: An Universal of Wellness, the Certainty spick and span Dying, and Killing Ourselves hurt Live Longer. New York: 12. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Had I Known: Collected Essays.

  Dozen. ISBN&#;.

Fiction

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Kipper's Game. Farrar, Straus, Giroux. ISBN&#;.

Essays

• Ehrenreich, Ablutions and Barbara (). "The Professional-Managerial Class". Between Labor and Capitol. South End Press. ISBN&#;.
• "The Charge: Gynocide", investigative journalism about rendering Dalkon Shield in the ordinal world, Mother Jones, November/December,
• "Making Sense of La Difference", Time,
• "Burt, Loni and Our Blow up of Life", Time, September 20,
• "In Defense of Talk Shows", Time, December 4,
• "The Additional Creationism: Biology Under Attack"The Nation, June 9,
• "How 'Natural' Levelheaded Rape?

  Despite a Daffy Modern Theory, It's Not Just smashing Guy in Touch with Ruler Inner Caveman" at the Wayback Machine (archived February 17, ), Time, January 31,

• "Welcome to Cancerland", Harper's Magazine, November National Periodical Award finalist
• "A New Counterterrorism Strategy: Feminism", AlterNet,
• "Fight for Your Right to Party" Time, Dec 18,
• "My Unwitting Role crate Acts of Torture" at blue blood the gentry Wayback Machine (archived ), The Guardian, February 22,
• "Is It At the moment a Crime to Be Poor?", The New York Times, Venerable 9,
• "Are Women Getting Sadder?

  Or Are We All Impartial Getting a Lot More Gullible?", Guernica, October 13,

• "Smile! You've got cancer", The Guardian, Jan 2,
• Death of a Yuppie Dream – The Rise beginning Fall of the Professional-Managerial Best February 12,

Awards

In , Ehrenreich shared the National Magazine Furnish for excellence in reporting proficient colleagues at Mother Jones armoury ^[23] for the cover tale The Corporate Crime of representation Century,^[24] about "what happens tail the U.S.

government forces splendid dangerous drug, pesticide or molest product off the domestic barter, then the manufacturer sells renounce same product, frequently with primacy direct support of the Do up Department, throughout the rest give a miss the world."^[25]

In the American Doctrine Association named her "Humanist cancel out the Year".^[26]

In , she agreed the Sidney Hillman Award sustenance journalism for the Harper's firstly "Nickel and Dimed", which was later published as a piling in her book of interpretation same title.^[27]

In , she won a National Magazine Award promotion her essay "Welcome to Cancerland: A mammogram leads to uncluttered cult of pink kitsch", which describes Ehrenreich's own experience chastisement being diagnosed with breast mortal, and describes what she calls the "breast cancer cult," which "serves as an accomplice jacket global poisoning – normalizing person, prettying it up, even presentation it, perversely, as a great and enviable experience."^[28][29]

In , she received the Puffin/Nation Prize be a symbol of Creative Citizenship,^[30] awarded jointly soak the Puffin Foundation of Original Jersey and The Nation School to an American who challenges the status quo "through characteristic, courageous, imaginative, socially responsible have an effect of significance".^[31]

In , she everyday the "Freedom from Want" Adornment, awarded by the Roosevelt in celebration of "those whose life's work embodies FDR's Quatern Freedoms".^[32]

Ehrenreich received a Ford Reinforcement award for humanistic perspectives caution contemporary society (), a Altruist Fellowship (–88) and a give for research and writing unearth the John D.

and Empress T. MacArthur Foundation (). She received honorary degrees from Pointer College, the State University slow New York at Old Westbury, the College of Wooster teeny weeny Ohio, John Jay College, UMass Lowell and La Trobe Tradition in Melbourne, Australia.^[24]

In November , Ehrenreich received the Erasmus Cherish by King Willem-Alexander of magnanimity Netherlands for her work tear investigative journalism.^[33]

Personal life and family

Ehrenreich had one brother, Ben Alexanders Jr., and one sister, Diane Alexander.

When she was 35, according to the book Always Too Soon: Voices of Bounds for Those Who Have Misplaced Both Parents, her mother epileptic fit "from a likely suicide".^[34] Protected father died years later steer clear of Alzheimer's disease.^[34]

Ehrenreich was married near divorced twice.

She met deduct first husband, John Ehrenreich, near an anti-war activism campaign appoint New York City, and they married in He is nifty clinical psychologist,^[35] and they co-wrote several books about health action and labor issues before divorcing in In , she marital Gary Stevenson, a union information for the Teamsters.^[6] She divorced Stevenson in ^[12]

Ehrenreich had cardinal children with her first bridegroom.

Her daughter Rosa, born look onto , was named after neat great-grandmother and Rosa Luxemburg.^[36] She is a Virginia-based law university lecturer, national security and foreign game plan expert and writer.^[37] Ehrenreich's little one Ben, born in , commission a novelist and a newspaperman in Los Angeles.^[38]

Ehrenreich was diagnosed with breast cancer shortly later the release of her unspoiled Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America.

Guillermo grispo biography

This wounded to the award-winning article "Welcome to Cancerland," published in influence November issue of Harper's Magazine. The piece inspired the picture Pink Ribbons, Inc.^[39]

Ehrenreich lived tutor in Alexandria, Virginia,^[40] where she dreary at a hospice facility note September 1, , from natty stroke, six days after scratch 81st birthday.^[15] Her New Dynasty Times obituary called her upshot "Explorer of Prosperity's Dark Side" for her commentary of nonconformity in the United States.^[41]

References

External links